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August 9, 1918: Don Martin reports on German losses

Don Martin diary entry for Friday, August 9, 1918: 
Did some shopping in Paris and started back for Meaux at 1:10. Junius Wood [Chicago Daily News] was on the same train.
             Don Martin reported information on German losses, in a dispatch dated Friday, August 9, and published in the New York Herald on Saturday, August 10.   
ENORMOUS LOSSES STUN HUNS 
AND SERIOUSY SHAKE THEIR MORALE; PROMISED PARIS ON SEPTEMBER 1
Uneasiness is Illustrated by Frantic Peace Propaganda Directed at France
AIRMEN DROP PAPERS THREATENING PARIS
Warn People Britain and America Are Making Them Victims of the War
By DON MARTIN
Special Correspondent of the Herald with the American Armies in France
[Special Cable to the Herald]
WITH THE AMERICAN ARMIES IN FRANCE, Friday
            Better evidence of the uneasiness that exists in Germany is impossible to find than in the energy with which she is conducting propaganda with a view to making the French people believe that both England and America are deceiving them and that France to-day is the bleeding victim of the war.
            This is particularly noticeable in the documents which German aviators are dropping inside the French lines. In these documents the Boche would warn France to make peace before Paris is destroyed, which, he declares, is certain to happen unless France severs the ties which bind her to England and accepts peace.
            All these peace appeals which are made in this insidious way end with an ugly threat—a threat which is quite typical of the foe, who starts this propaganda at a time when all Frenchmen are buoyed up with the hope and confidence in the victorious outcome of the war and are satisfied that the German retreat from the Marne is the first big step in the move of the enemy toward the Rhine.
France Confident of Victory
            The French people, who are keen observers, are not foolish enough to expect a military victory over Germany this year, but are confident that it ultimately will be achieved, and that France and all the world will be rid ultimately of the Prussian menace.
            It is now known from official records which are in the possession of the French and American military authorities that the Germans from the very beginning of their offensive on July 15 suffered staggering losses. The Hun commanders cheered their troops with the promise that the Marne offensive was the first step in the direction of Paris—the first step, indeed, in the triumphal march into the French capital, which, they declared, they would enter on September 1 to dictate peace terms to France, England and America. These Hun officers promised their  men that they soon would return to their homes in Germany, their yoke of debt lifted by the great indemnities that would be collected from the Entente Allies and from America.
            All the world knows to-day how far the enemy is from achieving anything like this, and our confidence is supreme that he never will achieve it.
            From what has been learned from German army officers recently captured by the Franco-American forces it may be said that the German morale is holding up in the Hun armies only because of the iron discipline there. It is known, however, that the spirit of the German troops is changing from the old time confidence. Shattered is the golden dream conjured up in their minds by the alluring promise of their officers, as was inevitable in the face of their disastrous retreat instead of triumphal entry into Paris. Added to this staggering blow and topping all their miseries comes to the enemy the realization that their losses in killed have been enormous.
Many Companies Destroyed
            Many German divisions lost from sixty to seventy per cent of their effectives in the fighting in the Soissons-Rheims salient. Some of their companies have been entirely wiped out—none of them left except the company commanders, who took charge of other companies in other regiments where the officers had been killed. Indeed many German regiments have suffered such heavy losses that they were unable to function.
            The effect of such tremendous casualties has been demoralizing on the enemy troops and accounts in a measure for their failure to retaliate in an expected counter offensive.
            The Franco-American artillery continues to pound the Huns unmercifully; despite this the enemy occupying positions north of the Vesle River are making a strong stand, using new and fresh troops in an endeavor to stop the allied advance.
            Meanwhile we are using machine guns with a deadly accuracy which surpasses the efficiency of the enemy when he was at his very best.
                Information from an American engineers' report on nasty methods used by the retreating Germans was reported in a dispatch dated Friday, August 9, and published in the Paris Herald on August 10.
DEVILISH DEVICES RESORTED TO 
BY RETREATING HUNS
Cowardly Germans Employ Despicable Means to Kill the Pursuing Allied Troops
(Special Telegram to the Herald)
By Don Martin
With The American Armies, Friday.
            In the vicinity of Bazoches a German raiding party of twenty-three men attempted last night to capture prisoners among the Americans. The Huns did not return. Twenty were killed and three were taken prisoners. One of the three was a German officer.
            The Germans made three counter-attacks against the Americans and French in the vicinity of Fismes last night and to-day, but were repulsed each time. A severe attack was launched against the French on the Americans’ left and was baulked. Artillery duelling went on all last night and to-day.
            A document of particular interest was found on a German officer taken prisoner within the last few days. It names three positions which the German High Command decided to hold. One is the Rheims-Soissons road along the north bank of the Vesle. The second is the heights north of the Vesle, and the third is the north bank of the Aisne.
            The officer said he believed the final position was to be the Aisne. The Soissons-Rheims road, he declared, was to be held in order to enable the Germans to establish themselves on the Vesle heights, and the heights were to be held until the Aisne position could be made solid.
Foe’s Vengeance
            A report of American engineers, who have followed in the wake of the retreating Germans, shows the diabolical means resorted to by the Huns to wreck their vengeance on their foes. Characteristic devices used by them in their retreat include:--
            Dugouts—strings attached to the branches apparently used to camouflage the entrance, were attached to mines. Detonators were placed in charcoal and rubbish heaps. Fuses connected with explosive charges were fastened in stoves or fireplaces. Protruding nails when stepped on exploded mines. Shovels, picks apparently stuck at random in heaps of earth, when removed will explode mines. Doors, stove lids, bureau drawers when opened or removed will set off mines. The loose board of a step of stairway when trod on frequently caused an explosion.
            Roads—The slight depression caused by the passage of vehicles will explode the detonator of a mine gallery under the road where 150 or 200 shells are placed.
            Barbed wire entanglements—The wire carefully concealed in grass, causes the explosion of mines. Mines are of tern found under bricks or tiles covered with hay or manure.

            The engineers’ report was based upon actual discoveries. Enough has been learned to show that the Germans are resorting to every devilish device they can find and are conducting themselves in retreat, as in advance, far worse than any other foe in the history of warfare.

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